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《纽时》赫格塞斯究竟隐瞒了什么?美军基地遭伊朗攻击照片曝、战争透明度引发质疑

2026-09-29 16:53:07 网络 阅读(1)

《CBS》近期取得由现役美军人员匿名提供的照片,揭露伊朗攻击对美军基地及军机造成的严重破坏,也让外界质疑川普政府与国防部长赫格塞斯(Pete Hegseth)对战况的资讯管制。《纽约时报》专栏作者因此警告,当政府以保密为由压缩媒体报导空间时,被噤声的不只是记者,也可能包括那些身处战场、希望让美国民众知道自身经历的军人。

《纽时》赫格塞斯究竟隐瞒了什么?美军基地遭伊朗攻击照片曝、战争透明度引发质疑

《纽时》指出,照片显示科威特比林营地(Camp Buehring)部分区域遭到严重摧毁,沙乌地阿拉伯苏丹王子空军基地(Prince Sultan Air Base)也可见美军飞机遭破坏后留下的残骸。这些景象与美国过去长期反恐战争期间的情况相比,显得格外不同。

文章认为,美军确实重创伊朗传统军事力量,包括使伊朗空军与海军遭受重大损失,但战事并非如川普政府对外描述般呈现压倒性局面。伊朗的攻击也暴露出美军在现代战争中的部分脆弱性。

更受关注的是,《CBS》取得的照片并非来自官方管道,而是由现役军人提供。由于五角大厦对军人接触媒体设有严格限制,这些军人要求匿名。

一名向《CBS》透露资讯的美军人员表示,基地遭受严重破坏,但美国民众始终没有被告知相关情况,形容美军人员仿佛在毫无防备的情况下承受连续攻击。

战况资讯受限 美国民众难以掌握战争进展

《纽时》文章指出,川普政府发动及执行这场战争的方式,与美国历届政府形成的惯例存在明显差异。

作者认为,政府不仅在缺乏国会授权及充分公共讨论的情况下对伊朗采取军事行动,同时也对媒体采取高度限制。

《哥伦比亚新闻评论》(Columbia Journalism Review)今年夏季曾报导,五角大厦记者会出席人数有限,赫格塞斯主要接受友好媒体提问,主流媒体记者也未能随美军部队前往中东采访。

此外,由于担心遭政府报复,部分五角大厦消息人士也愈来愈不愿接受记者采访。

在这种情况下,战争初期美国民众主要只能透过交战双方发布的声明及新闻稿了解战况,社群媒体上的零星影片与传闻则成为其他资讯来源。

文章认为,在战争本就存在高度资讯不确定性的情况下,军事保密、资讯管制及政府宣传进一步增加外界掌握真实战况的难度。直到泄露资讯及商业卫星影像陆续出现,部分战场情况才逐渐浮上台面。

作者因此质疑,包括美军海外基地是否遭到攻击、军机是否在地面被摧毁,以及伊朗飞弹与无人机究竟突破多少防御,都曾成为美国民众难以独立确认的问题。

赫格塞斯限制媒体 也可能切断军人与社会的连结

文章进一步将焦点放在赫格塞斯对媒体的限制,认为这不只是新闻自由问题,也涉及美军与美国民众之间的关系。

作者以自身服役及战地采访经验指出,媒体与军人的关系并非必然对立。军方确实需要保护涉及军事行动的敏感资讯,但这并不代表所有战场资讯都必须被隐藏。

例如,2003年美国记者Geraldo Rivera曾在电视直播中谈及伊拉克一场即将展开的军事行动,相关资讯可能危及美军人员安全,因此受到批评。作者认为,这类涉及作战细节的限制具有合理性。

作者也回忆,自己随军部署期间,美军曾禁止士兵在社群媒体发布遭炸弹摧毁的悍马车照片,因为影像中的细节可能协助武装组织调整路边炸弹的部署方式。不过,军车遭摧毁及军人受伤等事实本身,并未因此被全面隐瞒。

与此同时,记者仍能随军采访,军人也有机会向外界讲述自身经历。作者曾负责带领媒体穿越战场,并见证美军基地接待《洛杉矶时报》、《路透》、《法新社》、英国《泰晤士报》及《星条旗报》等媒体记者。

在作者看来,美军士兵并非外界想像中普遍排斥媒体。军队由不同背景、性格与生活经历的人组成,多数军人只是被要求去执行一般人难以想像的任务。

这些军人通常不会刻意夸耀自己的功绩,但往往希望美国民众了解他们正在经历什么,包括巡逻时不知道下一次爆炸何时发生,以及遭遇飞弹袭击时等待拦截系统发挥作用的恐惧。

长期战争加剧军民隔阂 透明度成民主问责关键

作者担心,美国长达25年的反恐战争已让军人与一般社会之间形成更大的隔阂。曾被派往伊拉克或阿富汗的美国人只占总人口一小部分,其中部分军人长期处于战区,与美国国内的日常生活愈来愈疏离。

在这种情况下,即使社会给予军人高度尊重与荣誉,平民仍可能难以真正理解军人承受的风险与牺牲。

因此,文章认为,媒体不仅负责监督政府,也扮演连结军人与平民社会的角色。当军方限制记者与军人接触,受到影响的不只是媒体取得资讯的能力,也包括军人向社会讲述自身经历的机会。

作者最后借用百老汇音乐剧《汉密尔顿》(Hamilton)最后一首歌曲提出的问题:「谁来讲述你的故事?」

在伊朗战争中,部分美军人员已透过媒体讲述在战场上的经历,包括《60 Minutes》(60 Minutes)近期报导的美军机组人员遭击落后从伊朗境内获救的故事。但作者认为,这只是战争众多经历中的一部分。

随着美军基地遭破坏及军机受损的影像逐渐曝光,文章认为,美国社会仍需要了解那些不同于官方叙事的战场经历,而如何让这些故事被看见,也涉及民主社会对战争的监督与问责。

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文章认为军事保密若过度,将切断军人与民众连结,削弱战争透明度与民主问责。",
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    "content": "<p>《CBS》近期取得由现役美军人员匿名提供的照片,揭露伊朗攻击对美军基地及军机造成的严重破坏,也让外界质疑川普政府与国防部长赫格塞斯(Pete Hegseth)对战况的资讯管制。《纽约时报》专栏作者因此警告,当政府以保密为由压缩媒体报导空间时,被噤声的不只是记者,也可能包括那些身处战场、希望让美国民众知道自身经历的军人。</p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img src=\"https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6617581/l/a6ce2be5bb7373f77e476cff8eeb66dc.jpg\" alt=\"《纽时》赫格塞斯究竟隐瞒了什么?美军基地遭伊朗攻击照片曝、战争透明度引发质疑\" style=\"width:50%;height:auto;border-radius:6px;margin:15px auto;display:block;\"></p>\n\n\n<p>《纽时》指出,照片显示科威特比林营地(Camp Buehring)部分区域遭到严重摧毁,沙乌地阿拉伯苏丹王子空军基地(Prince Sultan Air Base)也可见美军飞机遭破坏后留下的残骸。这些景象与美国过去长期反恐战争期间的情况相比,显得格外不同。</p>\n\n<p>文章认为,美军确实重创伊朗传统军事力量,包括使伊朗空军与海军遭受重大损失,但战事并非如川普政府对外描述般呈现压倒性局面。伊朗的攻击也暴露出美军在现代战争中的部分脆弱性。</p>\n\n<p>更受关注的是,《CBS》取得的照片并非来自官方管道,而是由现役军人提供。由于五角大厦对军人接触媒体设有严格限制,这些军人要求匿名。</p>\n\n<p>一名向《CBS》透露资讯的美军人员表示,基地遭受严重破坏,但美国民众始终没有被告知相关情况,形容美军人员仿佛在毫无防备的情况下承受连续攻击。</p>\n\n<h6><strong>战况资讯受限 美国民众难以掌握战争进展</strong></h6>\n\n<p>《纽时》文章指出,川普政府发动及执行这场战争的方式,与美国历届政府形成的惯例存在明显差异。</p>\n\n<p>作者认为,政府不仅在缺乏国会授权及充分公共讨论的情况下对伊朗采取军事行动,同时也对媒体采取高度限制。</p>\n\n<p>《哥伦比亚新闻评论》(Columbia Journalism Review)今年夏季曾报导,五角大厦记者会出席人数有限,赫格塞斯主要接受友好媒体提问,主流媒体记者也未能随美军部队前往中东采访。</p>\n\n<p>此外,由于担心遭政府报复,部分五角大厦消息人士也愈来愈不愿接受记者采访。</p>\n\n<p>在这种情况下,战争初期美国民众主要只能透过交战双方发布的声明及新闻稿了解战况,社群媒体上的零星影片与传闻则成为其他资讯来源。</p>\n\n<p>文章认为,在战争本就存在高度资讯不确定性的情况下,军事保密、资讯管制及政府宣传进一步增加外界掌握真实战况的难度。直到泄露资讯及商业卫星影像陆续出现,部分战场情况才逐渐浮上台面。</p>\n\n<p>作者因此质疑,包括美军海外基地是否遭到攻击、军机是否在地面被摧毁,以及伊朗飞弹与无人机究竟突破多少防御,都曾成为美国民众难以独立确认的问题。</p>\n\n<h6><strong>赫格塞斯限制媒体 也可能切断军人与社会的连结</strong></h6>\n\n<p>文章进一步将焦点放在赫格塞斯对媒体的限制,认为这不只是新闻自由问题,也涉及美军与美国民众之间的关系。</p>\n\n<p>作者以自身服役及战地采访经验指出,媒体与军人的关系并非必然对立。军方确实需要保护涉及军事行动的敏感资讯,但这并不代表所有战场资讯都必须被隐藏。</p>\n\n<p>例如,2003年美国记者Geraldo Rivera曾在电视直播中谈及伊拉克一场即将展开的军事行动,相关资讯可能危及美军人员安全,因此受到批评。作者认为,这类涉及作战细节的限制具有合理性。</p>\n\n<p>作者也回忆,自己随军部署期间,美军曾禁止士兵在社群媒体发布遭炸弹摧毁的悍马车照片,因为影像中的细节可能协助武装组织调整路边炸弹的部署方式。不过,军车遭摧毁及军人受伤等事实本身,并未因此被全面隐瞒。</p>\n\n<p>与此同时,记者仍能随军采访,军人也有机会向外界讲述自身经历。作者曾负责带领媒体穿越战场,并见证美军基地接待《洛杉矶时报》、《路透》、《法新社》、英国《泰晤士报》及《星条旗报》等媒体记者。</p>\n\n<p>在作者看来,美军士兵并非外界想像中普遍排斥媒体。军队由不同背景、性格与生活经历的人组成,多数军人只是被要求去执行一般人难以想像的任务。</p>\n\n<p>这些军人通常不会刻意夸耀自己的功绩,但往往希望美国民众了解他们正在经历什么,包括巡逻时不知道下一次爆炸何时发生,以及遭遇飞弹袭击时等待拦截系统发挥作用的恐惧。</p>\n\n<h6><strong>长期战争加剧军民隔</strong><strong>阂</strong><strong> 透明度成民主问责关键</strong></h6>\n\n<p>作者担心,美国长达25年的反恐战争已让军人与一般社会之间形成更大的隔阂。曾被派往伊拉克或阿富汗的美国人只占总人口一小部分,其中部分军人长期处于战区,与美国国内的日常生活愈来愈疏离。</p>\n\n<p>在这种情况下,即使社会给予军人高度尊重与荣誉,平民仍可能难以真正理解军人承受的风险与牺牲。</p>\n\n<p>因此,文章认为,媒体不仅负责监督政府,也扮演连结军人与平民社会的角色。当军方限制记者与军人接触,受到影响的不只是媒体取得资讯的能力,也包括军人向社会讲述自身经历的机会。</p>\n\n<p>作者最后借用百老汇音乐剧《汉密尔顿》(Hamilton)最后一首歌曲提出的问题:「谁来讲述你的故事?」</p>\n\n<p>在伊朗战争中,部分美军人员已透过媒体讲述在战场上的经历,包括《60 Minutes》(60 Minutes)近期报导的美军机组人员遭击落后从伊朗境内获救的故事。但作者认为,这只是战争众多经历中的一部分。</p>\n\n<p>随着美军基地遭破坏及军机受损的影像逐渐曝光,文章认为,美国社会仍需要了解那些不同于官方叙事的战场经历,而如何让这些故事被看见,也涉及民主社会对战争的监督与问责。</p>\n<div class=\"related-articles seo-links\">\n  <h4>相关阅读</h4>\n  <ul>\n    <li><a href=\"/hour/article-17747.html\" title=\"〈陆股盘后〉中国释经济刺激信号 三大指数走高\">〈陆股盘后〉中国释经济刺激信号 三大指数走高</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/hour/article-17709.html\" title=\"日财务大臣重申日元疲软担忧 与美财长通话再提日元被低估  下一次联合干预近了?\">日财务大臣重申日元疲软担忧 与美财长通话再提日元被低估  下一次联合干预近了?</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/hour/article-17685.html\" title=\"伊朗「7日计划」重回谈判桌?美伊或与调解方会谈、穆吉塔巴称西方干涉时代已终结\">伊朗「7日计划」重回谈判桌?美伊或与调解方会谈、穆吉塔巴称西方干涉时代已终结</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/hour/article-17726.html\" title=\"日本升息至31年新高但日元竟反贬 2.3兆美元套利交易成全球金融潜在火药桶\">日本升息至31年新高但日元竟反贬 2.3兆美元套利交易成全球金融潜在火药桶</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/hour/article-17684.html\" title=\"重大利多!中国八部门联合发文\">重大利多!中国八部门联合发文</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/hour/article-17668.html\" title=\"川普拚选情!宣布农业大州盖全美最大钢铁厂\">川普拚选情!宣布农业大州盖全美最大钢铁厂</a></li>\n  </ul>\n</div>",
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    "createdAt": "2026-09-29T08:10:02.000Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-09-29T08:53:07.000Z"
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