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美国光收发模组禁令传闻搅动中美光通讯板块!大摩、花旗如何解读?

2026-10-05 23:00:23 网络 阅读(65)

一则《路透》有关美国拟限制中国光模组进口的独家消息,周二(4 日)晚间搅动中美光通讯族群。摩根士丹利认为,若禁令成真,短期有利 Coherent(COHR-US) 、Lumentum(LITE-US) 等美系供应商承接订单,但受限于产能与磷化铟(InP)等关键材料供应,美国厂商难以快速取代中国;花旗则认为,考虑到中国厂商掌握全球高速光模组主要产能,最终政策更可能保留豁免条款,而非全面封杀。

美国光收发模组禁令传闻搅动中美光通讯板块!大摩、花旗如何解读?

据悉,川普政府正着手研拟禁令,拟限制美国进口新一代中国制资料中心光收发模组,以强化人工智慧(AI)基础设施的供应链安全。此案由主管美国电信产业的联邦通讯委员会(FCC)主导研拟,官方盼于今年内公布并上路,惟知情人士也强调,最终规则仍有可能被修改甚至搁置。

消息一出,美股光通讯供应链应声大涨。祥茂光电科技 (AAOI-US) 单日暴冲 19%,Coherent、Lumentum 同步走高,就连上游光纤材料商康宁 (GLW-US) 也跳涨近 9%。

相较之下,中国光通讯类股在周三(5 日)开盘即应声重挫,中际旭创 (300308-CN) 盘中下跌 10.41%,剑桥科技 (603083-CN) 跌幅也达 4.06%。

根据《路透》,FCC 此次拟禁止的是「新型号」光收发器的进口,主要瞄准支撑 AI 伺服器运算的 800G 与 1.6T 等高速光模组。

不过草案目前仍有大量模糊地带,究竟现有存量型号、已入关库存,乃至上游零组件是否一并纳入禁令,均尚未定案,这些细节将直接左右最终冲击的规模。

值得留意的是,报导指出草案设计上将豁免「非中国供应商」,代表打击面理论上就是锁定中国品牌本身,而非泛指所有在中国境内生产的光模组。

换言之,若中国品牌在东南亚设厂生产,是否同样受限仍是未知数。

此外,这并非单一孤立事件。FCC 稍早已于 7 月 22 日投票通过扩大禁令范围的提案,禁止设备中含有「受管制实体清单」厂商所产逻辑晶片组件的产品进口,代表就算光模组本身不在中国组装,只要内含中国厂商生产的核心逻辑晶片,同样可能被纳入限制。

往前追溯,FCC 在 7 月 28 日也才刚宣布禁止中国制人形机器人与电力变流器进口,理由同样扣连「AI 基础设施国家安全」;消费级路由器的进口限制则更早已上路。

整体看来,这已是川普政府对中科技围堵政策的延续与升级,只是过去多聚焦于晶片,如今战线已延伸至 AI 资料中心底层硬体。

产能缺口难补:美系厂半年内接不住中系让出的订单

分析指出,尽管消息面激励美股相关个股走高,市场交易的本质是「订单移转」的想像。

若中国新一代光模组被挡在美国市场之外,北美云端业者的 AI 资本支出势必转向本土供应链。

其中,祥茂光电作为直接生产高速数通光模组的厂商,被视为最直接的替代标的,股价弹性也最大;Lumentum 与 Coherent 握有雷射器与高速光晶片产能,辉达 (NVDA-US) 先前已透过策略投资锁定两者产能,兼具上游晶片供应与整机模组双重身分;康宁则受惠于资料中心建设带动的光纤与光互连材料需求,属于产业链间接受惠者。

但分析指出,硬现实是美系厂商目前的有效产能,半年内恐怕远远填补不了中国厂商让出的市场缺口。

市场预估,2025 年全球 1.6T 模组出货量将上看 420 万台,加计 800G 模组需求,非中国阵营产能:Lumentum 月产约 10 万台、AOI 规划扩至月产 50 万台、Fabrinet(FN-US) 泰国厂仍在扩产中,合计仍远不足以承接缺口。

反观中国光模组厂订单已排至 2028 年,凸显供给端本已高度紧绷;中国厂商目前掌握全球逾七成高速光模组产能,其中中际旭创在美国数通光模组市场的市占率更高达约 27%。

分析认为,政策一纸禁令固然可以立即阻断进口,但产能爬坡、良率优化与大客户验证流程旷日费时,绝非短短数月可以补齐,这也被视为后续股价最大的回档风险所在。

一旦市场意识到红利兑现周期远比预期漫长,或最终规则纳入大量豁免条款,乐观溢价恐怕迅速回吐。

摩根士丹利:短期利多美系厂,长期仍卡在磷化铟供应瓶颈

摩根士丹利报告指出,此事件对美系光元件供应链属于正面消息。

以中际旭创与新易盛合计约占全球光收发模组市场一半占有率的现况推算,具备垂直整合能力的 Coherent 可望成为规模化受惠者最明确的一家,祥茂光电与 Fabrinet 也有机会承接部分增量需求。

与此同时,Lumentum 虽然自身光模组业务曝险相对有限,但其对外供应雷射器予多家模组厂,中国供应商若受限,雷射二极体(EML)供给紧张的缓解时程恐将延后,因此间接受惠。

不过,摩根士丹利的态度也相对谨慎,直言以目前非中国厂商产能,根本难以承接 AI 资本支出带来的庞大需求。

报告并提及,Lumentum 与 Coherent 两家公司执行长过去都曾公开倡议类似限制措施,理由是美系厂商普遍无法对中国云端业者供货,中国厂商却能反向供货给美国市场,形成不对等竞争。

报告也点出最大风险在于磷化铟。此关键原料供应主要来自包括 AXT 公司 (AXTI-US) 在内的厂商,Lumentum 上周才刚与相关供应商签署新协议,Coherent 执行长数月前也随川普访中团出访中国,凸显美系厂商本身对中国供应链仍有依赖,这将是禁令能否落地执行的一大变数。

花旗银行的看法则更为保留,认为此事不太可能是一刀切式的简单规则。

花旗提出四大理由:

  • 全球前十大光模组厂中有七家为中国企业,为美国主要云端服务商供应逾半数高速光模组;
  • AI 光元件供应链本身已相当紧绷,中国龙头厂商在零组件保障与先进产品研发上仍具关键优势;
  • 中国模组厂具备明显成本优势,是云端业者资本支出效率的重要支撑;
  • 且中国主要光模组厂早已布局海外产线。

基于上述现实,花旗研判最终规则大机率会纳入一定豁免条款,海外产能扩张仍将是中国供应商因应的核心策略。

中国厂商曝险不一,新易盛压力恐最直接

分析称,若禁令最终落地,中国本土光模组厂受到的冲击程度也不尽相同。

新易盛 (300502-CN) 对北美客户依赖度最高,2024 年海外营收占比高达 87%,与中际旭创并列中国出口最积极的两大光模组厂,2025 年营收约 35 亿美元,一旦新品准入受阻,压力恐最为直接。

中际旭创虽然美国收入占比同样偏高,但因已提前布局海外产能,缓冲空间相对较大。

分析人士普遍认为,短期冲击主要来自市场风险偏好转变,而非业绩立即断崖,后续发展仍充满不确定性,情势随时可能反转。

两种剧本:全面禁令 vs. 提高门槛但留活路

展望后续,市场普遍认为存在两种情境。

第一种情境是草案大致落地,新型光模组直接被挡在美国市场门外,1.6T 及下一代新品几乎丧失美国入场资格,至于已完成认证的存量 800G 产品,则取决于规则是否设有缓冲窗口期。

短期内可能出现客户抢在禁令生效前加速拉货、随后新品订单急冻的现象;不过欧洲、中东、东南亚等其他市场,加上中国本土算力建设需求,仍将成为重要缓冲,不至于出现业绩全面停滞的局面,同时北美大客户势必加速对美系厂商展开导入验证,只是产能瓶颈将制约实际替代速度。

第二种情境则是禁令历经游说角力后大幅弱化,最终仅提高认证门槛,而非直接祭出进口禁令,如此一来市场情绪有望随利空出尽而修复,行情重新回归 AI 算力需求本身的基本面逻辑。

值得注意的是,美国本土云端业者本身其实也是这场政策攻防的利害关系人之一。若强行切断已相当成熟的中国供应链,代价将是算力硬体成本垫高、AI 资料中心扩建进度受拖累。

这也是为何包括辉达在内的科技巨头,都可能积极投入政策游说,显示这项政策绝非行政部门可以片面拍板。

事实上,目前美国资料中心建设已面临严峻延误,近半数原订 2026 年投运的 AI 资料中心专案已延迟或取消,原因包括电力基础设施不足与中国零组件供应受限;美国资料中心平均建置周期长达 3 年,远慢于中国建设速度。

若禁令真正落地,恐将在本已供需吃紧的光模组市场进一步推升紧张情势,直接垫高美国 AI 资料中心建设成本并拉长交付时程,对急欲维持 AI 竞赛领先地位的美国政府而言,同样是不愿乐见的结果。

观察:战线从 GPU 延伸至光模组,供应链「双轨化」恐成长期趋势

分析认为,放到更宏观的视角看,这次传闻的象征意义恐怕远大于当下实际冲击。

过去中美科技角力主战场集中在 GPU 等运算晶片,如今战火已延烧至 AI 资料中心底层硬体光模组,显示整条 AI 基础设施产业链已全面卷入地缘政治博弈。

全球光模组市场过去由中国供应全世界,如今正走向区域割裂:美国市场转向本土加盟友供应链,中国厂商则被迫加速开拓非美市场、加码海外产线布局。

对光通讯类股而言,过去支撑估值的重要支柱正是北美 AI 算力爆发带来的订单动能,这起事件恐迫使市场重新为相关企业的北美业务计入地缘政治风险溢价。

分析人士预期,后续资金将更加青睐两类标的:

  • 一是海外营收占比较低、国内算力业务比重较高的公司;
  • 二是光晶片自主研发进度领先、海外产能布局较完备的厂商。

整体而言,这项禁令的最终效果仍存在高度不确定性,短期内或对中国光模组龙头厂商带来一定冲击,但同时也可能显著推升美国 AI 资料中心的建设成本与交付延迟风险。

长期来看,此事件或将加速全球光模组供应链走向「双轨化」,即一条以中国厂商为核心,服务中国及「一带一路」市场;另一条则以美系企业为主导,服务北美及其盟友市场。

这种分裂格局势必降低全球供应链效率、推升全产业链成本,最终恐由全球 AI 产业的所有参与者共同承担。

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          "pid": 10,
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              "id": 58,
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              "name": "黄金交易",
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          "id": 61,
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          "id": 71,
          "pid": 10,
          "name": "经纪商 ",
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      "level": 1
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      "id": 15,
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      "target": "0",
      "status": "0",
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          "pinyin": "AI",
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      "level": 1
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      "pid": 0,
      "name": "外汇平台",
      "pinyin": "whplat",
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      "target": "0",
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      "id": 19,
      "pid": 0,
      "name": "外汇开户",
      "pinyin": "whkh",
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      "name": "外汇策略",
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      "name": "外汇入门",
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      "pid": 0,
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      "status": "0",
      "listView": "list.html",
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      "type": "0",
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      "id": 65,
      "pid": 0,
      "name": "外汇经纪商",
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          "id": 67,
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          "id": 68,
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          "id": 69,
          "pid": 65,
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          "status": "0",
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          "id": 70,
          "pid": 65,
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          "id": 72,
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          "name": "EC外汇",
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      "id": 10,
      "pid": 0,
      "name": "首页",
      "pinyin": "home",
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      "target": "0",
      "status": "0",
      "listView": "list.html",
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          "pid": 10,
          "name": "外汇平台排名",
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          "pid": 10,
          "name": "保险",
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          "path": "/home/baoxian",
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          "target": "0",
          "status": "1",
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          "seoTitle": "",
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          "type": "0",
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              "pid": 34,
              "name": "保险入门",
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              "orderBy": 0,
              "target": "0",
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              "type": "0",
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          "level": 1
        },
        {
          "id": 35,
          "pid": 10,
          "name": "贵金属",
          "pinyin": "guijinshu",
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          "orderBy": 0,
          "target": "0",
          "status": "1",
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          "seoTitle": "",
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          "seoDescription": "",
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              "id": 49,
              "pid": 35,
              "name": "贵金属入门",
              "pinyin": "fjsrm",
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              "orderBy": 0,
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              "status": "0",
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            {
              "id": 50,
              "pid": 35,
              "name": "贵金属投资",
              "pinyin": "gjstz",
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              "orderBy": 0,
              "target": "0",
              "status": "1",
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      "pid": 0,
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      "id": 30,
      "pid": 0,
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      "pinyin": "hour",
      "path": "/hour",
      "orderBy": 0,
      "target": "0",
      "status": "0",
      "listView": "list.html",
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      "seoTitle": "",
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      "type": "0",
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      "id": 32,
      "pid": 10,
      "name": "外汇平台排名",
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      "target": "0",
      "status": "1",
      "listView": "list.html",
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      "seoTitle": "",
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      "type": "0",
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      "id": 33,
      "pid": 0,
      "name": "广告招商",
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      "target": "0",
      "status": "1",
      "listView": "list.html",
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      "seoTitle": "",
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      "id": 34,
      "pid": 10,
      "name": "保险",
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      "target": "0",
      "status": "1",
      "listView": "list.html",
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      "seoTitle": "",
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      "seoDescription": "",
      "type": "0",
      "dataConfig": null,
      "children": [
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          "id": 48,
          "pid": 34,
          "name": "保险入门",
          "pinyin": "bxrm",
          "path": "/home/baoxian/bxrm",
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          "target": "0",
          "status": "1",
          "listView": "list.html",
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          "seoTitle": "",
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          "type": "0",
          "dataConfig": null,
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      "level": 1
    },
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      "id": 35,
      "pid": 10,
      "name": "贵金属",
      "pinyin": "guijinshu",
      "path": "/home/guijinshu",
      "orderBy": 0,
      "target": "0",
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    "title": "美国光收发模组禁令传闻搅动中美光通讯板块!大摩、花旗如何解读?",
    "shortTitle": "美国光收发模组禁令传闻搅动中美光通讯板块!大摩、花旗如何解读",
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    "description": "美国传出拟限制中国高速光模组进口,引爆中美光通讯族群震荡。摩根士丹利认为 Coherent、Lumentum 等美系厂商短期可望受惠,但受制于产能与磷化铟供应;花旗则指出中国掌握全球高速光模组产能,预期最终禁令可能保留豁免条",
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    "content": "<p>一则《路透》有关美国拟限制中国光模组进口的独家消息,周二(4 日)晚间搅动中美光通讯族群。摩根士丹利认为,若禁令成真,短期有利 Coherent(<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:COHR:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">COHR-US</a>) 、Lumentum(<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:LITE:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">LITE-US</a>) 等美系供应商承接订单,但受限于产能与磷化铟(InP)等关键材料供应,美国厂商难以快速取代中国;花旗则认为,考虑到中国厂商掌握全球高速光模组主要产能,最终政策更可能保留豁免条款,而非全面封杀。</p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img src=\"https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6559991/l/5e3c6143422a70bea04eb20483f116c8.jpg\" alt=\"美国光收发模组禁令传闻搅动中美光通讯板块!大摩、花旗如何解读?\" style=\"width:50%;height:auto;border-radius:6px;margin:15px auto;display:block;\"></p>\n\n\n<p>据悉,川普政府正着手研拟禁令,拟限制美国进口新一代中国制资料中心光收发模组,以强化人工智慧(AI)基础设施的供应链安全。此案由主管美国电信产业的联邦通讯委员会(FCC)主导研拟,官方盼于今年内公布并上路,惟知情人士也强调,最终规则仍有可能被修改甚至搁置。</p>\n\n<p>消息一出,美股光通讯供应链应声大涨。祥茂光电科技 (<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:AAOI:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">AAOI-US</a>) 单日暴冲 19%,Coherent、Lumentum 同步走高,就连上游光纤材料商康宁 (<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:GLW:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">GLW-US</a>) 也跳涨近 9%。</p>\n\n<p>相较之下,中国光通讯类股在周三(5 日)开盘即应声重挫,中际旭创 (<a data-symbol-template=\"CNS:300308:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">300308-CN</a>) 盘中下跌 10.41%,剑桥科技 (<a data-symbol-template=\"CNS:603083:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">603083-CN</a>) 跌幅也达 4.06%。</p>\n\n<p>根据《路透》,FCC 此次拟禁止的是「新型号」光收发器的进口,主要瞄准支撑 AI 伺服器运算的 800G 与 1.6T 等高速光模组。</p>\n\n<p>不过草案目前仍有大量模糊地带,究竟现有存量型号、已入关库存,乃至上游零组件是否一并纳入禁令,均尚未定案,这些细节将直接左右最终冲击的规模。</p>\n\n<p>值得留意的是,报导指出草案设计上将豁免「非中国供应商」,代表打击面理论上就是锁定中国品牌本身,而非泛指所有在中国境内生产的光模组。</p>\n\n<p>换言之,若中国品牌在东南亚设厂生产,是否同样受限仍是未知数。</p>\n\n<p>此外,这并非单一孤立事件。FCC 稍早已于 7 月 22 日投票通过扩大禁令范围的提案,禁止设备中含有「受管制实体清单」厂商所产逻辑晶片组件的产品进口,代表就算光模组本身不在中国组装,只要内含中国厂商生产的核心逻辑晶片,同样可能被纳入限制。</p>\n\n<p>往前追溯,FCC 在 7 月 28 日也才刚宣布禁止中国制人形机器人与电力变流器进口,理由同样扣连「AI 基础设施国家安全」;消费级路由器的进口限制则更早已上路。</p>\n\n<p>整体看来,这已是川普政府对中科技围堵政策的延续与升级,只是过去多聚焦于晶片,如今战线已延伸至 AI 资料中心底层硬体。</p>\n\n<h6><strong>产</strong><strong>能缺口难补:美系厂半年内接不住中系让出的订单</strong></h6>\n\n<p>分析指出,尽管消息面激励美股相关个股走高,市场交易的本质是「订单移转」的想像。</p>\n\n<p>若中国新一代光模组被挡在美国市场之外,北美云端业者的 AI 资本支出势必转向本土供应链。</p>\n\n<p>其中,祥茂光电作为直接生产高速数通光模组的厂商,被视为最直接的替代标的,股价弹性也最大;Lumentum 与 Coherent 握有雷射器与高速光晶片产能,辉达 (<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:NVDA:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">NVDA-US</a>) 先前已透过策略投资锁定两者产能,兼具上游晶片供应与整机模组双重身分;康宁则受惠于资料中心建设带动的光纤与光互连材料需求,属于产业链间接受惠者。</p>\n\n<p>但分析指出,硬现实是美系厂商目前的有效产能,半年内恐怕远远填补不了中国厂商让出的市场缺口。</p>\n\n<p>市场预估,2025 年全球 1.6T 模组出货量将上看 420 万台,加计 800G 模组需求,非中国阵营产能:Lumentum 月产约 10 万台、AOI 规划扩至月产 50 万台、Fabrinet(<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:FN:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">FN-US</a>) 泰国厂仍在扩产中,合计仍远不足以承接缺口。</p>\n\n<p>反观中国光模组厂订单已排至 2028 年,凸显供给端本已高度紧绷;中国厂商目前掌握全球逾七成高速光模组产能,其中中际旭创在美国数通光模组市场的市占率更高达约 27%。</p>\n\n<p>分析认为,政策一纸禁令固然可以立即阻断进口,但产能爬坡、良率优化与大客户验证流程旷日费时,绝非短短数月可以补齐,这也被视为后续股价最大的回档风险所在。</p>\n\n<p>一旦市场意识到红利兑现周期远比预期漫长,或最终规则纳入大量豁免条款,乐观溢价恐怕迅速回吐。</p>\n\n<h6><strong>摩根士丹利:短期利多美系厂,长期仍卡在磷化铟</strong><strong>供应</strong><strong>瓶</strong><strong>颈</strong></h6>\n\n<p>摩根士丹利报告指出,此事件对美系光元件供应链属于正面消息。</p>\n\n<p>以中际旭创与新易盛合计约占全球光收发模组市场一半占有率的现况推算,具备垂直整合能力的 Coherent 可望成为规模化受惠者最明确的一家,祥茂光电与 Fabrinet 也有机会承接部分增量需求。</p>\n\n<p>与此同时,Lumentum 虽然自身光模组业务曝险相对有限,但其对外供应雷射器予多家模组厂,中国供应商若受限,雷射二极体(EML)供给紧张的缓解时程恐将延后,因此间接受惠。</p>\n\n<p>不过,摩根士丹利的态度也相对谨慎,直言以目前非中国厂商产能,根本难以承接 AI 资本支出带来的庞大需求。</p>\n\n<p>报告并提及,Lumentum 与 Coherent 两家公司执行长过去都曾公开倡议类似限制措施,理由是美系厂商普遍无法对中国云端业者供货,中国厂商却能反向供货给美国市场,形成不对等竞争。</p>\n\n<p>报告也点出最大风险在于磷化铟。此关键原料供应主要来自包括 AXT 公司 (<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:AXTI:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">AXTI-US</a>) 在内的厂商,Lumentum 上周才刚与相关供应商签署新协议,Coherent 执行长数月前也随川普访中团出访中国,凸显美系厂商本身对中国供应链仍有依赖,这将是禁令能否落地执行的一大变数。</p>\n\n<p>花旗银行的看法则更为保留,认为此事不太可能是一刀切式的简单规则。</p>\n\n<p>花旗提出四大理由:</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>全球前十大光模组厂中有七家为中国企业,为美国主要云端服务商供应逾半数高速光模组;</li>\n<li>AI 光元件供应链本身已相当紧绷,中国龙头厂商在零组件保障与先进产品研发上仍具关键优势;</li>\n<li>中国模组厂具备明显成本优势,是云端业者资本支出效率的重要支撑;</li>\n<li>且中国主要光模组厂早已布局海外产线。</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>基于上述现实,花旗研判最终规则大机率会纳入一定豁免条款,海外产能扩张仍将是中国供应商因应的核心策略。</p>\n\n<h6><strong>中国厂商曝险不一,新易盛压力恐最直接</strong></h6>\n\n<p>分析称,若禁令最终落地,中国本土光模组厂受到的冲击程度也不尽相同。</p>\n\n<p>新易盛 (<a data-symbol-template=\"CNS:300502:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">300502-CN</a>) 对北美客户依赖度最高,2024 年海外营收占比高达 87%,与中际旭创并列中国出口最积极的两大光模组厂,2025 年营收约 35 亿美元,一旦新品准入受阻,压力恐最为直接。</p>\n\n<p>中际旭创虽然美国收入占比同样偏高,但因已提前布局海外产能,缓冲空间相对较大。</p>\n\n<p>分析人士普遍认为,短期冲击主要来自市场风险偏好转变,而非业绩立即断崖,后续发展仍充满不确定性,情势随时可能反转。</p>\n\n<h6><strong>两种剧本:全面禁令</strong><strong> vs. </strong><strong>提高门槛但留活路</strong></h6>\n\n<p>展望后续,市场普遍认为存在两种情境。</p>\n\n<p>第一种情境是草案大致落地,新型光模组直接被挡在美国市场门外,1.6T 及下一代新品几乎丧失美国入场资格,至于已完成认证的存量 800G 产品,则取决于规则是否设有缓冲窗口期。</p>\n\n<p>短期内可能出现客户抢在禁令生效前加速拉货、随后新品订单急冻的现象;不过欧洲、中东、东南亚等其他市场,加上中国本土算力建设需求,仍将成为重要缓冲,不至于出现业绩全面停滞的局面,同时北美大客户势必加速对美系厂商展开导入验证,只是产能瓶颈将制约实际替代速度。</p>\n\n<p>第二种情境则是禁令历经游说角力后大幅弱化,最终仅提高认证门槛,而非直接祭出进口禁令,如此一来市场情绪有望随利空出尽而修复,行情重新回归 AI 算力需求本身的基本面逻辑。</p>\n\n<p>值得注意的是,美国本土云端业者本身其实也是这场政策攻防的利害关系人之一。若强行切断已相当成熟的中国供应链,代价将是算力硬体成本垫高、AI 资料中心扩建进度受拖累。</p>\n\n<p>这也是为何包括辉达在内的科技巨头,都可能积极投入政策游说,显示这项政策绝非行政部门可以片面拍板。</p>\n\n<p>事实上,目前美国资料中心建设已面临严峻延误,近半数原订 2026 年投运的 AI 资料中心专案已延迟或取消,原因包括电力基础设施不足与中国零组件供应受限;美国资料中心平均建置周期长达 3 年,远慢于中国建设速度。</p>\n\n<p>若禁令真正落地,恐将在本已供需吃紧的光模组市场进一步推升紧张情势,直接垫高美国 AI 资料中心建设成本并拉长交付时程,对急欲维持 AI 竞赛领先地位的美国政府而言,同样是不愿乐见的结果。</p>\n\n<h6><strong>观察:战线从</strong><strong> GPU</strong><strong> 延伸至光模组,供应链「双轨化」恐成长期趋势</strong></h6>\n\n<p>分析认为,放到更宏观的视角看,这次传闻的象征意义恐怕远大于当下实际冲击。</p>\n\n<p>过去中美科技角力主战场集中在 GPU 等运算晶片,如今战火已延烧至 AI 资料中心底层硬体光模组,显示整条 AI 基础设施产业链已全面卷入地缘政治博弈。</p>\n\n<p>全球光模组市场过去由中国供应全世界,如今正走向区域割裂:美国市场转向本土加盟友供应链,中国厂商则被迫加速开拓非美市场、加码海外产线布局。</p>\n\n<p>对光通讯类股而言,过去支撑估值的重要支柱正是北美 AI 算力爆发带来的订单动能,这起事件恐迫使市场重新为相关企业的北美业务计入地缘政治风险溢价。</p>\n\n<p>分析人士预期,后续资金将更加青睐两类标的:</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>一是海外营收占比较低、国内算力业务比重较高的公司;</li>\n<li>二是光晶片自主研发进度领先、海外产能布局较完备的厂商。</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>整体而言,这项禁令的最终效果仍存在高度不确定性,短期内或对中国光模组龙头厂商带来一定冲击,但同时也可能显著推升美国 AI 资料中心的建设成本与交付延迟风险。</p>\n\n<p>长期来看,此事件或将加速全球光模组供应链走向「双轨化」,即一条以中国厂商为核心,服务中国及「一带一路」市场;另一条则以美系企业为主导,服务北美及其盟友市场。</p>\n\n<p>这种分裂格局势必降低全球供应链效率、推升全产业链成本,最终恐由全球 AI 产业的所有参与者共同承担。</p>\n<div class=\"related-articles seo-links\">\n  <h4>相关阅读</h4>\n  <ul>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-5301.html\" title=\"AI概念股恐迎7月大轮动!美股暗潮汹涌、半导体股遭抛售\">AI概念股恐迎7月大轮动!美股暗潮汹涌、半导体股遭抛售</a></li>\n    <li><a 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