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AI资料量暴增 辉达推动让GPU直接读取储存装置、速度逼近记忆体

2026-10-05 22:37:54 网络 阅读(69)

辉达 (NVIDIA)(NVDA-US) 在本周登场的 Future of Memory and Storage(FMS)大会上,公布多项 AI 储存技术进展。核心概念是让 GPU 可以更直接地读取储存装置中的资料,减少资料必须经过 CPU 处理的流程,使储存设备的存取速度更接近记忆体。

AI资料量暴增 辉达推动让GPU直接读取储存装置、速度逼近记忆体

AI 模型愈来愈大,不只需要更强的运算能力,也要读取更多资料。尤其 AI 代理、长情境推论等应用快速发展,所需资料量已经超过一般系统记忆体可以负荷的范围,让储存设备在 AI 基础建设中的重要性大幅提升。

NVIDIA 指出,AI 下一阶段的发展,不只取决于 GPU 算力,也要看储存系统能不能快速、稳定且安全地把资料送到 GPU。若资料供应速度跟不上,即使拥有大量 GPU,也可能因等待资料而无法充分发挥效能。

随着 AI 代理同时处理大量任务,GPU 可能一次发出数千笔储存请求,对储存系统形成庞大压力。储存设备除了要快速传输资料,还必须同步完成加密、压缩、验证及资料重建等工作,这些处理程序都可能成为 AI 系统的效能瓶颈。

为解决相关问题,NVIDIA 将加速运算技术导入储存系统。根据 NVIDIA 公布的测试结果,搭载于 NVIDIA Vera BlueField-4 STX 平台的 Vera CPU,在同时进行资料压缩与加密时,资料处理量最高可达传统 x86 CPU 的 3.21 倍。

这代表储存平台导入 Vera CPU 后,可以用更少的运算设备,处理更多 AI 资料,进而降低基础建设成本,并提升整体资料传输效率。

过去,储存装置主要负责长期保存资料,真正需要运算时,系统通常会先把资料搬到速度较快、但容量较小且成本较高的记忆体。

不过,随着 GPU、网路及储存技术进步,这种分工模式正在改变。NVIDIA 希望让储存设备不再只是被动保存资料,而是直接参与 AI 资料处理流程。

也就是说,未来 AI 应用不一定要事先把大量资料全部搬进记忆体,而是可以在需要时,直接从储存设备中高速读取指定资料。如此一来,便能兼顾储存容量、成本及存取速度。

NVIDIA 此次宣布,将开源 cuFile 应用程式介面(API),以及其底层的储存软体架构。cuFile 是 NVIDIA GPUDirect Storage 技术的软体套件,主要功能是让 GPU 可以直接读取储存设备中的资料,或直接将资料写入储存设备。

传统架构下,储存装置中的资料通常要先经过 CPU 及系统记忆体,才能交由 GPU 处理。导入 cuFile 后,可以减少资料绕行 CPU 的过程,缩短传输路径并降低 CPU 负担。

透过 GPU 大量平行运算执行绪、高频宽记忆体及相关软体技术,cuFile 可让系统在数微秒内存取储存设备中的资料。

NVIDIA 表示,cuFile 开源后,不同储存设备、软体及硬体平台可以更容易整合,也能让更多开发者参与改善相关技术,进一步建立统一且具互通性的 AI 储存架构。

除了提升速度,cuFile 也把资安纳入设计。快速存取资料对 AI 资安系统同样重要,例如 AI 需要即时分析大量安全纪录、威胁情报及系统资料,才能及早侦测攻击或异常状况。

cuFile 开放使用后,可望协助资安 AI 以更快速度取得所需资料,也能支援开放安全 AI 联盟(Open Secure AI Alliance)等相关计划。

未来相关 API 将透过新的开放平台提供,并接受社群共同开发,首批维护者包括 Google、Intel、NVIDIA 及 Meta。各家业者可针对不同软硬体平台进行最佳化,降低 AI 储存技术的导入门槛。

除了开源 cuFile,NVIDIA 也透过 Storage-Next 计划,与储存及记忆体产业业者共同开发下一代 AI 储存技术。

Storage-Next 集结储存设备制造商、控制器供应商、散热及冷却业者、资源调度管理业者,以及产业标准制定组织,希望共同定义由 GPU 驱动的储存系统应如何运作,并将相关技术转化为开放且可相互整合的产业标准。

目前已有超过 40 家储存及快闪记忆体业者加入,包括 DDN、铠侠(KIOXIA)及美光等,共同投入下一代 AI 储存技术开发。

这项计划的重点,是让 GPU 更快速地从大型资料集中找出并读取真正需要的资料,而不是把整份资料全部搬到 GPU 记忆体。

为达成上述目标,NVIDIA 推出 SCADA 框架,全名为「规模化加速资料存取」(scaled, accelerated data access)。

SCADA 可让拥有大规模平行处理能力的 GPU,直接从储存设备中读取应用程式需要的特定资料,再将资料放进 GPU 的高速记忆体。

举例来说,当 AI 模型只需要大型资料库中的一小部分内容时,传统系统可能必须读取或搬移大量资料,造成频宽及运算资源浪费。SCADA 则可以只抓取真正需要的部分,降低不必要的资料传输。

储存设备业者 DDN 已计划将 SCADA 整合至旗下 Infinia 平台。Infinia 是一套为 AI 工作负载打造的软体定义资料平台,主要目标是降低大规模 AI 运算中的储存瓶颈。

DDN 技术长 Sven Oehme 表示,企业 AI 能否成功,关键不只是拥有多少基础建设,而是能否有效运用现有资源。DDN 与 NVIDIA 的合作,希望让 GPU 与资料之间建立更直接且高效率的连结,减少 GPU 等待资料的时间,并提升企业 AI 投资效益。

打造 AI 原生资料平台

Storage-Next 与 SCADA 也将进一步结合 NVIDIA 既有的 AI 储存基础架构,包括 NVIDIA Vera BlueField-4 STX。

Vera BlueField-4 STX 是一套模组化机架级平台,整合 NVIDIA Vera Rubin 运算平台、Vera BlueField-4 储存处理器,以及 Spectrum-X 乙太网路技术。

NVIDIA 将 STX 定位为新一代 AI 原生资料平台,可透过统一的 NVIDIA DOCA 安全软体架构,在 AI 资料传输过程中持续执行存取权限及安全政策控管。

此外,NVIDIA 也以 STX 为基础打造 CMX 情境记忆储存平台,主要锁定长情境、多轮对话及代理型 AI 推论。

所谓情境记忆,是让 AI 能保存并快速取得过去的对话、工作纪录或相关资料,避免每次执行任务时都必须重新处理全部内容。随着 AI 代理执行的任务愈来愈复杂,这类储存平台的重要性也将持续提升。

NVIDIA 指出,让应用程式直接与储存设备沟通,虽然可以大幅提升速度,但也可能带来资安风险。若权限控管不当,某个应用程式可能读取不该存取的资料,甚至覆写其他程式使用中的记忆体,因此直接存取技术必须同时兼顾效能与安全性。

为此,SCADA 将系统分为两个部分。第一部分是负责高速资料存取的应用程式端,第二部分则是拥有较高权限、专门负责安全设定及存取控管的独立元件。

在系统启动及设定阶段,具权限的元件会先确认应用程式可以存取哪些储存资源,并建立受到保护的资料通道。之后,应用程式便能在授权范围内高速读取资料,同时避免影响其他程式或资料。

相关安全机制依循标准 Linux 协定,目的在于不牺牲资料传输速度的情况下,降低未经授权存取或资料遭到破坏的风险。

整体而言,NVIDIA 此次公布的技术,是希望把储存系统从 AI 基础建设中的后端设备,提升为直接参与运算的关键环节。

透过 GPU 直接存取储存设备、开源 cuFile、推出 SCADA 框架,以及与超过 40 家业者共同推动 Storage-Next,NVIDIA 希望降低 AI 系统的资料存取瓶颈,让 GPU 取得资料的速度更快,同时兼顾规模、效率与安全性。

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    "content": "<p>辉达 (NVIDIA)(NVDA-US) 在本周登场的 Future of Memory and Storage(FMS)大会上,公布多项 AI 储存技术进展。核心概念是让 GPU 可以更直接地读取储存装置中的资料,减少资料必须经过 CPU 处理的流程,使储存设备的存取速度更接近记忆体。</p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img src=\"https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6560327/l/31fb3dabd1700b94d834d9f411ccfc7d.jpg\" alt=\"AI资料量暴增 辉达推动让GPU直接读取储存装置、速度逼近记忆体\" style=\"width:50%;height:auto;border-radius:6px;margin:15px auto;display:block;\"></p>\n\n\n<p>AI 模型愈来愈大,不只需要更强的运算能力,也要读取更多资料。尤其 AI 代理、长情境推论等应用快速发展,所需资料量已经超过一般系统记忆体可以负荷的范围,让储存设备在 AI 基础建设中的重要性大幅提升。</p>\n\n<p>NVIDIA 指出,AI 下一阶段的发展,不只取决于 GPU 算力,也要看储存系统能不能快速、稳定且安全地把资料送到 GPU。若资料供应速度跟不上,即使拥有大量 GPU,也可能因等待资料而无法充分发挥效能。</p>\n\n<p>随着 AI 代理同时处理大量任务,GPU 可能一次发出数千笔储存请求,对储存系统形成庞大压力。储存设备除了要快速传输资料,还必须同步完成加密、压缩、验证及资料重建等工作,这些处理程序都可能成为 AI 系统的效能瓶颈。</p>\n\n<p>为解决相关问题,NVIDIA 将加速运算技术导入储存系统。根据 NVIDIA 公布的测试结果,搭载于 NVIDIA Vera BlueField-4 STX 平台的 Vera CPU,在同时进行资料压缩与加密时,资料处理量最高可达传统 x86 CPU 的 3.21 倍。</p>\n\n<p>这代表储存平台导入 Vera CPU 后,可以用更少的运算设备,处理更多 AI 资料,进而降低基础建设成本,并提升整体资料传输效率。</p>\n\n<p>过去,储存装置主要负责长期保存资料,真正需要运算时,系统通常会先把资料搬到速度较快、但容量较小且成本较高的记忆体。</p>\n\n<p>不过,随着 GPU、网路及储存技术进步,这种分工模式正在改变。NVIDIA 希望让储存设备不再只是被动保存资料,而是直接参与 AI 资料处理流程。</p>\n\n<p>也就是说,未来 AI 应用不一定要事先把大量资料全部搬进记忆体,而是可以在需要时,直接从储存设备中高速读取指定资料。如此一来,便能兼顾储存容量、成本及存取速度。</p>\n\n<p>NVIDIA 此次宣布,将开源 cuFile 应用程式介面(API),以及其底层的储存软体架构。cuFile 是 NVIDIA GPUDirect Storage 技术的软体套件,主要功能是让 GPU 可以直接读取储存设备中的资料,或直接将资料写入储存设备。</p>\n\n<p>传统架构下,储存装置中的资料通常要先经过 CPU 及系统记忆体,才能交由 GPU 处理。导入 cuFile 后,可以减少资料绕行 CPU 的过程,缩短传输路径并降低 CPU 负担。</p>\n\n<p>透过 GPU 大量平行运算执行绪、高频宽记忆体及相关软体技术,cuFile 可让系统在数微秒内存取储存设备中的资料。</p>\n\n<p>NVIDIA 表示,cuFile 开源后,不同储存设备、软体及硬体平台可以更容易整合,也能让更多开发者参与改善相关技术,进一步建立统一且具互通性的 AI 储存架构。</p>\n\n<p>除了提升速度,cuFile 也把资安纳入设计。快速存取资料对 AI 资安系统同样重要,例如 AI 需要即时分析大量安全纪录、威胁情报及系统资料,才能及早侦测攻击或异常状况。</p>\n\n<p>cuFile 开放使用后,可望协助资安 AI 以更快速度取得所需资料,也能支援开放安全 AI 联盟(Open Secure AI Alliance)等相关计划。</p>\n\n<p>未来相关 API 将透过新的开放平台提供,并接受社群共同开发,首批维护者包括 Google、Intel、NVIDIA 及 Meta。各家业者可针对不同软硬体平台进行最佳化,降低 AI 储存技术的导入门槛。</p>\n\n<p>除了开源 cuFile,NVIDIA 也透过 Storage-Next 计划,与储存及记忆体产业业者共同开发下一代 AI 储存技术。</p>\n\n<p>Storage-Next 集结储存设备制造商、控制器供应商、散热及冷却业者、资源调度管理业者,以及产业标准制定组织,希望共同定义由 GPU 驱动的储存系统应如何运作,并将相关技术转化为开放且可相互整合的产业标准。</p>\n\n<p>目前已有超过 40 家储存及快闪记忆体业者加入,包括 DDN、铠侠(KIOXIA)及美光等,共同投入下一代 AI 储存技术开发。</p>\n\n<p>这项计划的重点,是让 GPU 更快速地从大型资料集中找出并读取真正需要的资料,而不是把整份资料全部搬到 GPU 记忆体。</p>\n\n<p>为达成上述目标,NVIDIA 推出 SCADA 框架,全名为「规模化加速资料存取」(scaled, accelerated data access)。</p>\n\n<p>SCADA 可让拥有大规模平行处理能力的 GPU,直接从储存设备中读取应用程式需要的特定资料,再将资料放进 GPU 的高速记忆体。</p>\n\n<p>举例来说,当 AI 模型只需要大型资料库中的一小部分内容时,传统系统可能必须读取或搬移大量资料,造成频宽及运算资源浪费。SCADA 则可以只抓取真正需要的部分,降低不必要的资料传输。</p>\n\n<p>储存设备业者 DDN 已计划将 SCADA 整合至旗下 Infinia 平台。Infinia 是一套为 AI 工作负载打造的软体定义资料平台,主要目标是降低大规模 AI 运算中的储存瓶颈。</p>\n\n<p>DDN 技术长 Sven Oehme 表示,企业 AI 能否成功,关键不只是拥有多少基础建设,而是能否有效运用现有资源。DDN 与 NVIDIA 的合作,希望让 GPU 与资料之间建立更直接且高效率的连结,减少 GPU 等待资料的时间,并提升企业 AI 投资效益。</p>\n\n<h6>打造 AI 原生资料平台</h6>\n\n<p>Storage-Next 与 SCADA 也将进一步结合 NVIDIA 既有的 AI 储存基础架构,包括 NVIDIA Vera BlueField-4 STX。</p>\n\n<p>Vera BlueField-4 STX 是一套模组化机架级平台,整合 NVIDIA Vera Rubin 运算平台、Vera BlueField-4 储存处理器,以及 Spectrum-X 乙太网路技术。</p>\n\n<p>NVIDIA 将 STX 定位为新一代 AI 原生资料平台,可透过统一的 NVIDIA DOCA 安全软体架构,在 AI 资料传输过程中持续执行存取权限及安全政策控管。</p>\n\n<p>此外,NVIDIA 也以 STX 为基础打造 CMX 情境记忆储存平台,主要锁定长情境、多轮对话及代理型 AI 推论。</p>\n\n<p>所谓情境记忆,是让 AI 能保存并快速取得过去的对话、工作纪录或相关资料,避免每次执行任务时都必须重新处理全部内容。随着 AI 代理执行的任务愈来愈复杂,这类储存平台的重要性也将持续提升。</p>\n\n<p>NVIDIA 指出,让应用程式直接与储存设备沟通,虽然可以大幅提升速度,但也可能带来资安风险。若权限控管不当,某个应用程式可能读取不该存取的资料,甚至覆写其他程式使用中的记忆体,因此直接存取技术必须同时兼顾效能与安全性。</p>\n\n<p>为此,SCADA 将系统分为两个部分。第一部分是负责高速资料存取的应用程式端,第二部分则是拥有较高权限、专门负责安全设定及存取控管的独立元件。</p>\n\n<p>在系统启动及设定阶段,具权限的元件会先确认应用程式可以存取哪些储存资源,并建立受到保护的资料通道。之后,应用程式便能在授权范围内高速读取资料,同时避免影响其他程式或资料。</p>\n\n<p>相关安全机制依循标准 Linux 协定,目的在于不牺牲资料传输速度的情况下,降低未经授权存取或资料遭到破坏的风险。</p>\n\n<p>整体而言,NVIDIA 此次公布的技术,是希望把储存系统从 AI 基础建设中的后端设备,提升为直接参与运算的关键环节。</p>\n\n<p>透过 GPU 直接存取储存设备、开源 cuFile、推出 SCADA 框架,以及与超过 40 家业者共同推动 Storage-Next,NVIDIA 希望降低 AI 系统的资料存取瓶颈,让 GPU 取得资料的速度更快,同时兼顾规模、效率与安全性。</p>\n<div class=\"related-articles seo-links\">\n  <h4>相关阅读</h4>\n  <ul>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-11500.html\" title=\"本周操盘笔记:Fed会议记录、各国PMI初值、日GDP与通膨数据\">本周操盘笔记:Fed会议记录、各国PMI初值、日GDP与通膨数据</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-18415.html\" title=\"白宫首席经济顾问:料联准会今年不再升息\">白宫首席经济顾问:料联准会今年不再升息</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-13686.html\" title=\"DRAM、NAND「缺到爆」!戴尔AI伺服器需求炸裂、订单冲950亿美元\">DRAM、NAND「缺到爆」!戴尔AI伺服器需求炸裂、订单冲950亿美元</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-17643.html\" title=\"Meta人事洗牌:Bounds掌公关 Ginsberg转战AI\">Meta人事洗牌:Bounds掌公关 Ginsberg转战AI</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-9837.html\" title=\"AI热潮早已见顶?「估值教父」警告:真正危险的不是七巨头而是「这类」AI股票\">AI热潮早已见顶?「估值教父」警告:真正危险的不是七巨头而是「这类」AI股票</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-12405.html\" title=\"洪水来了才堆沙包?华尔街狠批贝森特救债计划\">洪水来了才堆沙包?华尔街狠批贝森特救债计划</a></li>\n  </ul>\n</div>",
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