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苹果换帅进入AI决战时代!特纳斯接班库克首要考验:能否靠AI重拾竞争优势

2026-10-15 21:48:24 网络 阅读(58)

苹果(AAPL-US) 周二(9月1日)将正式迎来执行长换帅,特纳斯(John Ternus)将接替库克(Tim Cook),成为继贾伯斯(Steve Jobs)与库克之后,第三位掌舵这家全球市值最高科技公司的执行长。

苹果换帅进入AI决战时代!特纳斯接班库克首要考验:能否靠AI重拾竞争优势

根据《彭博》最新分析,特纳斯上任后面临的核心课题相当明确:如何带领这家以硬体产品见长的消费电子巨头,在人工智慧(AI)时代重新建立竞争优势。

特纳斯上任后随即面临关键考验,包括9月的iPhone新品发表,以及苹果新版Siri AI的全面部署。新版Siri经过重新打造,被视为ChatGPT的直接竞争者,早期评价相对正面,但能否扭转Siri长期被认为「不好用」的市场印象,仍有待观察。

与此同时,库克并未完全退出苹果核心决策圈。他将以执行董事长身分留任,继续负责苹果与美国总统川普政府及中国政府的关系,并在特纳斯需要时提供协助。

分析指出,对苹果股东而言,这场交棒的关键并不只是执行长人事更替,而是特纳斯能否让苹果在AI浪潮下重新找到成长方向。

特纳斯主导的产品蓝图包括首款可折叠iPhone、AI智慧眼镜及家用显示设备;与此同时,苹果AI发展落后、人才流失加剧,以及服务业务成长放缓,都成为新任执行长必须处理的压力。

AI发展落后成苹果面临最迫切挑战

生成式AI在2022年底因ChatGPT崛起后迅速席卷科技产业,虽然苹果随即增加相关投资,包括自行开发大型语言模型、以高薪延揽AI人才及寻找收购标的,但首版Apple Intelligence表现不如预期,重要AI收购也未能完成。

在此之后,库克撤换苹果AI部门主管,并重新整顿Siri团队。苹果更在去年改变原本自行开发模型的方向,转而付费采用Google(GOOGL-US) Gemini技术,作为新版Siri的底层基础。

这项决策也造成苹果内部大型语言模型团队的不满,包括团队主管在内的多名核心成员陆续离职,并转往提供更高薪酬的竞争对手。

新版Siri AI预计9月全面推出,苹果长期则可能透过向用户或开发者收费,或整合第三方应用程式来寻找商业化模式。

不过,这些模式能否成立,前提仍是Siri必须先获得用户信任。

硬体新品成为AI时代的押注

特纳斯在苹果任职25年,最初从Mac工程师做起,之后逐步参与iPad、AirPods、iPhone等产品,最终掌管整个硬体工程体系,是苹果内部最具代表性的硬体专家之一。

如今由他主导的产品蓝图相当积极。苹果今年秋季将推出首款可折叠iPhone,以及一款能辨识说话者并根据个人需求推送内容的智慧显示设备。后续产品还包括搭载摄影机的AirPods、智慧眼镜、家用安防系统、配备机械臂的家用显示器,以及可穿戴式摄影机吊坠。

不过,特纳斯对库克力推的Vision Pro混合实境头戴装置态度较为冷淡。知情人士透露,他认为Vision Pro重量过重且价格高昂,难以成为主流产品。

近期苹果已缩减Vision Pro相关团队人力,涉及装置安全、音讯工程、Siri整合、测试及作业系统等领域。

相较之下,特纳斯支持苹果代号N50的智慧眼镜计划,该产品预计明年推出。不过,如果头戴式装置始终无法获得市场认可,特纳斯也可能缩减这项产品线,届时可能影响代号N224、最早预计于2028年底推出的新一代Vision Pro。

除了推出AI硬体产品,特纳斯也试图将AI导入苹果自身的产品开发流程。他在担任硬体主管期间推出一套AI平台,目标是加快产品开发并提高硬体测试效率。

核心人才流失 苹果面临内部挑战

除了产品与AI策略,人才流失也是特纳斯接任后的重要问题。

苹果过去一直是顶尖硬体人才的重要去处,但目前已有数百名前苹果员工加入OpenAI硬体部门。苹果甚至已就此提起诉讼,指控OpenAI窃取商业机密,而特纳斯本人也是批准这起诉讼的决策者之一。

为了留住关键人才,特纳斯曾向iPhone设计团队多名成员发放数十万美元额外奖金,也亲自参与部分人才挽留工作。

其中一名来自新加坡的工程师曾受到苹果挽留。特纳斯要求iPhone设计主管Richard Dinh与该员工会面,并提出升职与加薪条件,但这名工程师最终仍选择加入OpenAI。

知情人士透露,苹果目前约半数高阶主管可能在未来几年离开公司。其中一项关键潜在风险是首席硬体长Johny Srouji。这名61岁高阶主管去年曾向库克表达离职意愿,在获得扩大职责并协助执行长交接后暂时留任,但知情人士指出,他仍可能在未来一、两年内离开。

此外,苹果行销、服务及零售部门主管都已在公司任职约40年,未来几年也可能陆续退休。

库克退居幕后但不完全离场 特纳斯能否顺利接班成关键

库克掌舵苹果15年,任内公司营收从约1000亿美元成长至4160亿美元,市值则增加约15倍。他8月23日曾在苹果园区出席同事为他举办的告别晚宴,但这并不代表他将完全离开苹果。

库克已明确告知特纳斯,他将继续处理苹果与川普政府及中国政府的关系,也愿意承担接班人认为有必要的其他工作。他也向员工表示,苹果仍将是自己的「第一优先级」。

据《彭博》报导,苹果内部将特纳斯与库克的搭档模式,与亚马逊(AMZN-US) 创办人贝佐斯(Jeff Bezos)及执行长Andy Jassy的交接模式相提并论,认为两者最为接近。

但企业接班也存在另一种可能。迪士尼(DIS-US) 前执行长Bob Iger曾以顾问身分留任,之后却与接班人Bob Chapek发生冲突,最终重新回任执行长。对苹果而言,如何处理这场逐步完成的权力交接,将成为特纳斯能否建立自己领导地位的重要考验。

目前特纳斯已开始主导苹果与华尔街分析师的沟通,并在与库克共同参与的2027年规划会议中逐渐取得主导权。

9月9日的iPhone发表会,将是特纳斯首次以苹果执行长身分公开亮相;与此同时,库克也将首次在15年来不再以主角身分站上这场苹果年度重要舞台。

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    "content": "<p>苹果(<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:AAPL:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">AAPL-US</a>) 周二(9月1日)将正式迎来执行长换帅,特纳斯(John Ternus)将接替库克(Tim Cook),成为继贾伯斯(Steve Jobs)与库克之后,第三位掌舵这家全球市值最高科技公司的执行长。</p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img src=\"https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6592392/l/dc19335be7362702ea1a6f73bcb380c4.jpg\" alt=\"苹果换帅进入AI决战时代!特纳斯接班库克首要考验:能否靠AI重拾竞争优势\" style=\"width:50%;height:auto;border-radius:6px;margin:15px auto;display:block;\"></p>\n\n\n<p>根据《彭博》最新分析,特纳斯上任后面临的核心课题相当明确:如何带领这家以硬体产品见长的消费电子巨头,在人工智慧(AI)时代重新建立竞争优势。</p>\n\n<p>特纳斯上任后随即面临关键考验,包括9月的iPhone新品发表,以及苹果新版Siri AI的全面部署。新版Siri经过重新打造,被视为ChatGPT的直接竞争者,早期评价相对正面,但能否扭转Siri长期被认为「不好用」的市场印象,仍有待观察。</p>\n\n<p>与此同时,库克并未完全退出苹果核心决策圈。他将以执行董事长身分留任,继续负责苹果与美国总统川普政府及中国政府的关系,并在特纳斯需要时提供协助。</p>\n\n<p>分析指出,对苹果股东而言,这场交棒的关键并不只是执行长人事更替,而是特纳斯能否让苹果在AI浪潮下重新找到成长方向。</p>\n\n<p>特纳斯主导的产品蓝图包括首款可折叠iPhone、AI智慧眼镜及家用显示设备;与此同时,苹果AI发展落后、人才流失加剧,以及服务业务成长放缓,都成为新任执行长必须处理的压力。</p>\n\n<h6>AI发展落后成苹果面临最迫切挑战</h6>\n\n<p>生成式AI在2022年底因ChatGPT崛起后迅速席卷科技产业,虽然苹果随即增加相关投资,包括自行开发大型语言模型、以高薪延揽AI人才及寻找收购标的,但首版Apple Intelligence表现不如预期,重要AI收购也未能完成。</p>\n\n<p>在此之后,库克撤换苹果AI部门主管,并重新整顿Siri团队。苹果更在去年改变原本自行开发模型的方向,转而付费采用Google(<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:GOOGL:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">GOOGL-US</a>) Gemini技术,作为新版Siri的底层基础。</p>\n\n<p>这项决策也造成苹果内部大型语言模型团队的不满,包括团队主管在内的多名核心成员陆续离职,并转往提供更高薪酬的竞争对手。</p>\n\n<p>新版Siri AI预计9月全面推出,苹果长期则可能透过向用户或开发者收费,或整合第三方应用程式来寻找商业化模式。</p>\n\n<p>不过,这些模式能否成立,前提仍是Siri必须先获得用户信任。</p>\n\n<h6>硬体新品成为AI时代的押注</h6>\n\n<p>特纳斯在苹果任职25年,最初从Mac工程师做起,之后逐步参与iPad、AirPods、iPhone等产品,最终掌管整个硬体工程体系,是苹果内部最具代表性的硬体专家之一。</p>\n\n<p>如今由他主导的产品蓝图相当积极。苹果今年秋季将推出首款可折叠iPhone,以及一款能辨识说话者并根据个人需求推送内容的智慧显示设备。后续产品还包括搭载摄影机的AirPods、智慧眼镜、家用安防系统、配备机械臂的家用显示器,以及可穿戴式摄影机吊坠。</p>\n\n<p>不过,特纳斯对库克力推的Vision Pro混合实境头戴装置态度较为冷淡。知情人士透露,他认为Vision Pro重量过重且价格高昂,难以成为主流产品。</p>\n\n<p>近期苹果已缩减Vision Pro相关团队人力,涉及装置安全、音讯工程、Siri整合、测试及作业系统等领域。</p>\n\n<p>相较之下,特纳斯支持苹果代号N50的智慧眼镜计划,该产品预计明年推出。不过,如果头戴式装置始终无法获得市场认可,特纳斯也可能缩减这项产品线,届时可能影响代号N224、最早预计于2028年底推出的新一代Vision Pro。</p>\n\n<p>除了推出AI硬体产品,特纳斯也试图将AI导入苹果自身的产品开发流程。他在担任硬体主管期间推出一套AI平台,目标是加快产品开发并提高硬体测试效率。</p>\n\n<h6>核心人才流失 苹果面临内部挑战</h6>\n\n<p>除了产品与AI策略,人才流失也是特纳斯接任后的重要问题。</p>\n\n<p>苹果过去一直是顶尖硬体人才的重要去处,但目前已有数百名前苹果员工加入OpenAI硬体部门。苹果甚至已就此提起诉讼,指控OpenAI窃取商业机密,而特纳斯本人也是批准这起诉讼的决策者之一。</p>\n\n<p>为了留住关键人才,特纳斯曾向iPhone设计团队多名成员发放数十万美元额外奖金,也亲自参与部分人才挽留工作。</p>\n\n<p>其中一名来自新加坡的工程师曾受到苹果挽留。特纳斯要求iPhone设计主管Richard Dinh与该员工会面,并提出升职与加薪条件,但这名工程师最终仍选择加入OpenAI。</p>\n\n<p>知情人士透露,苹果目前约半数高阶主管可能在未来几年离开公司。其中一项关键潜在风险是首席硬体长Johny Srouji。这名61岁高阶主管去年曾向库克表达离职意愿,在获得扩大职责并协助执行长交接后暂时留任,但知情人士指出,他仍可能在未来一、两年内离开。</p>\n\n<p>此外,苹果行销、服务及零售部门主管都已在公司任职约40年,未来几年也可能陆续退休。</p>\n\n<h6>库克退居幕后但不完全离场 特纳斯能否顺利接班成关键</h6>\n\n<p>库克掌舵苹果15年,任内公司营收从约1000亿美元成长至4160亿美元,市值则增加约15倍。他8月23日曾在苹果园区出席同事为他举办的告别晚宴,但这并不代表他将完全离开苹果。</p>\n\n<p>库克已明确告知特纳斯,他将继续处理苹果与川普政府及中国政府的关系,也愿意承担接班人认为有必要的其他工作。他也向员工表示,苹果仍将是自己的「第一优先级」。</p>\n\n<p>据《彭博》报导,苹果内部将特纳斯与库克的搭档模式,与亚马逊(<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:AMZN:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">AMZN-US</a>) 创办人贝佐斯(Jeff Bezos)及执行长Andy Jassy的交接模式相提并论,认为两者最为接近。</p>\n\n<p>但企业接班也存在另一种可能。迪士尼(<a data-symbol-template=\"USS:DIS:STOCK:COMMON\" href=\"#\">DIS-US</a>) 前执行长Bob Iger曾以顾问身分留任,之后却与接班人Bob Chapek发生冲突,最终重新回任执行长。对苹果而言,如何处理这场逐步完成的权力交接,将成为特纳斯能否建立自己领导地位的重要考验。</p>\n\n<p>目前特纳斯已开始主导苹果与华尔街分析师的沟通,并在与库克共同参与的2027年规划会议中逐渐取得主导权。</p>\n\n<p>9月9日的iPhone发表会,将是特纳斯首次以苹果执行长身分公开亮相;与此同时,库克也将首次在15年来不再以主角身分站上这场苹果年度重要舞台。</p>\n\n<p class=\"warning\">(本文不开放合作伙伴转载)</p><div class=\"related-articles seo-links\">\n  <h4>相关阅读</h4>\n  <ul>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-15390.html\" title=\"全球富豪榜洗牌!美国科技富豪首度全面霸榜 LVMH创办人跌出前10\">全球富豪榜洗牌!美国科技富豪首度全面霸榜 LVMH创办人跌出前10</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-4426.html\" title=\"华尔街对第二季财报寄予厚望 市场预期恐高得过头\">华尔街对第二季财报寄予厚望 市场预期恐高得过头</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-4154.html\" title=\"华许首度海外亮相!同台2008年金融危机老将 市场聚焦Fed新路线、AI泡沫与金融稳定\">华许首度海外亮相!同台2008年金融危机老将 市场聚焦Fed新路线、AI泡沫与金融稳定</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-18688.html\" title=\"辉达6兆美元倒数?选择权市场估月底前有五成机会\">辉达6兆美元倒数?选择权市场估月底前有五成机会</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-12786.html\" title=\"〈纽约汇市〉美元在债市反弹之际走弱 市场等待PCE与杰克森霍尔会议\">〈纽约汇市〉美元在债市反弹之际走弱 市场等待PCE与杰克森霍尔会议</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-18196.html\" title=\"斩获最大商业发射合约!花旗首度喊进Rocket Lab:还有50%上涨空间\">斩获最大商业发射合约!花旗首度喊进Rocket Lab:还有50%上涨空间</a></li>\n  </ul>\n</div>",
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