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全球养老成本大公开!台湾养老其实没有想像中贵?

2026-10-10 01:29:55 网络 阅读(61)

养老这件事,到底要准备多少钱?

全球养老成本大公开!台湾养老其实没有想像中贵?

如果把退休后的生活也当成一项长期支出来看,你会发现,同样想过一段舒服、有品质的养老生活,在不同国家需要付出的成本,差距可能比想像中大得多。

最近 Visual Capitalist 引用 NetCredit 的研究资料,整理出全球不同国家的舒适养老成本。这项研究以美国平均退休年龄与平均余命之间约14年8.4个月的期间作为模型,再依各国生活成本推估,并额外增加20%,希望呈现的不只是维持基本生活,而是保留一定余裕的退休生活。

结果一比较,差距相当惊人。所有国家中,新加坡养老,估计需要约114.6万美元,是统计中成本最高的国家,冰岛约89.3万美元、瑞士约85.9万美元,美国则约73.8万美元。但如果把退休地点换到南欧,成本马上下降一个层级。葡萄牙与西班牙约47.8万美元、希腊约40.6万美元;再把视线拉回亚洲,台湾约35.4万美元、泰国约31.7万美元、越南约29.5万美元、马来西亚约29.2万美元。更低的印度约18.9万美元,巴基斯坦约18.7万美元。

从新加坡的114.6万美元到巴基斯坦的18.7万美元,同样是一段退休生活,推估成本竟然可以相差超过6倍。当然,这并不是告诉大家「哪里便宜就搬去哪里」,而是提醒我们重新思考一件事,养老需要多少钱,从来不只取决于你存了多少,更取决于未来选择什么样的生活。

台湾35.4万美元,放到全球其实没有想像中高

研究估算,在台湾维持模型设定的退休生活,大约需要35.4万美元,与墨西哥约35.6万美元相近。同样位在亚洲,日本约39.8万美元、韩国约40.6万美元,都高于台湾;但如果往东南亚移动,泰国约31.7万美元、菲律宾约30.1万美元、越南约29.5万美元、马来西亚约29.2万美元,又比台湾再低一截。

所以如果单纯从生活成本来看,台湾并不是全球养老成本特别高的地方,但也不是最便宜的选择,真正有趣的是,这些差距会直接影响一个人的是否可以退休的门槛,同样一笔养老金,如果生活在新加坡、美国等高成本地区,可能必须更谨慎控制支出;但如果生活在台湾、马来西亚或越南,同样的资产所能支撑的生活时间就可能拉长,这也是退休规划中经常被忽略的购买力。

退休金不是一个数字,而是一种购买力

假设有两个人,退休时都准备了1,500万元。第一个人退休后,每个月需要8万元维持生活,一年就是96万元。第二个人因为住房、居住地与生活方式不同,每个月只需要5万元,一年支出60万元。先完全不考虑投资报酬、通膨与其他收入来源,第一个人的1,500万元大约可以支撑15年多;第二个人却可以支撑25年。两个人的资产完全一样,但退休安全感可能截然不同。

所以很多人问「我现在存这些钱,到底能不能退休?」这个问题其实很难有标准答案。因为只要生活成本不同,同样的1,500万元,就会得到完全不同的退休答案。

美国与墨西哥只隔一个国界,退休成本却差一倍

这份资料里,另一个很有意思的比较,是美国与墨西哥。美国估计退休成本约73.8万美元,但墨西哥约35.6万美元,不到美国的一半。加拿大则约59.8万美元,虽然低于美国,但仍明显高于墨西哥。也因此,「退休移居」才会成为部分欧美退休族的选项。

因为工作期间,一个人住在哪里,往往受到产业、收入与职涯限制。你可能必须住在纽约、旧金山、东京、台北,因为工作机会就在那里。但退休之后,当每天不再需要进办公室,居住地本身就开始变成财务规划的一部分。以前挑房子,在意的可能是离公司近不近。退休之后,在意的却可能变成医院近不近、生活机能好不好、交通是否方便,以及每个月要花多少钱才能维持生活。人生阶段改变,地点的价值也会跟着改变。

想让退休金变多,不一定只能提高投资报酬率

当我们发现退休金可能不够时,第一个反应通常是,那我要不要提高投资报酬率?原本预估一年5%,开始希望做到8%,后来觉得8%还是不够,又开始寻找10%以上的投资机会。问题是,期待报酬提高的同时,通常也代表必须承担更大的波动与风险。但退休财务其实还有另外一个非常重要、却经常被忽略的杠杆,降低维持理想生活所需要的成本。

假设原本退休后每个月需要8万元,一年需要96万元。如果透过住房、交通与生活方式调整,把支出降低到每月6万元,一年就变成72万元。一年少24万元,20年就是480万元。换个角度看,等于在不提高投资风险的情况下,替自己的退休资产多争取了数年的使用时间。所以退休规划从来不只有把钱变多这件事情,而是也可以让同样一笔钱,使用更长的时间。

搬去物价便宜的国家,就代表可以提前退休吗?

看到马来西亚约29.2万美元、越南约29.5万美元,甚至印度不到20万美元,很容易产生一个想法,既然如此,退休后搬去物价便宜的国家不就好了?但事情当然没有这么简单。因为这份研究本身也有一个非常重要的限制:模型没有完整纳入医疗保险、健康相关支出与各国所得税差异,而这些项目,恰恰都是退休生活不能忽略的成本。

30岁选择居住地,可能比较在意房租、餐厅、娱乐与交通,但到了65岁、75岁甚至80岁以后,医疗资源与长期照护的重要性会快速上升。一个地方每个月可以少花2万元,看起来很划算;但如果当地医疗保障不足,或外国人的医疗保险非常昂贵,一场重大疾病,就可能吃掉过去几年省下来的生活费。除此之外,还必须考虑签证与居留资格、汇率、税务、语言、治安,以及与家人的距离。

退休真正该算的是三笔钱

如果正在准备退休,比起一直计算自己的资产有没有突破1,000万元、2,000万元,其实更应该先把三笔钱算清楚。

一、维持生活的基本支出。

住房、饮食、水电、交通、保险,这些是维持日常生活很难避免的成本,也是退休现金流的基本盘。

二、让退休生活有品质的钱。

旅游、聚餐、兴趣、购物,甚至支援子女或孙辈。这些支出不一定每个月固定发生,却往往真正决定了我们想像中的退休生活能不能实现。

三、无法精准预测的大额支出。

医疗、长照、住宅修缮,以及各种突发事件,都不能只靠每个月固定的退休生活费处理,因此需要另外准备安全垫。

养老躺平真正追求的是选择权

从新加坡114.6万美元、美国73.8万美元,到台湾35.4万美元、马来西亚29.2万美元,再到印度18.9万美元,这些数字真正想告诉我们的,不是哪一个国家最好,也不是哪一个国家最便宜。而是退休所需要的钱,本来就没有一个固定答案。同样2,000万元,有人可能觉得非常充裕,有人却依然不敢退休。差别除了投资报酬之外,更来自住房、负债、家庭责任、医疗需求,以及一个人到底希望维持什么样的生活。

因此,退休规划最终追求的,不是一定要让帐户里出现多少的数字,而是替未来的自己保留更多选择。你可以选择继续住在熟悉的城市,也可以搬到生活成本较低的地方;可以一年安排几次旅行,也可以选择把更多资产留给下一代。

当有一天不再依赖每个月的薪水,你仍然有能力决定自己住在哪里、怎么生活,以及把时间花在什么地方。也就是说,退休真正重要的不只是有没有足够的钱,而是这笔钱能不能让你拥有选择生活的底气。

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              "id": 45,
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          "pid": 10,
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      "level": 1
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      "id": 36,
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    "content": "<p><strong>养老这件事,到底要准备多少钱?</strong></p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img src=\"https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6586420/l/a0725f34e731814099a0e059db89eccb.jpg\" alt=\"全球养老成本大公开!台湾养老其实没有想像中贵?\" style=\"width:50%;height:auto;border-radius:6px;margin:15px auto;display:block;\"></p>\n\n\n<p>如果把退休后的生活也当成一项长期支出来看,你会发现,同样想过一段舒服、有品质的养老生活,在不同国家需要付出的成本,差距可能比想像中大得多。</p>\n\n<p>最近 Visual Capitalist 引用 NetCredit 的研究资料,整理出全球不同国家的舒适养老成本。这项研究以美国平均退休年龄与平均余命之间约14年8.4个月的期间作为模型,再依各国生活成本推估,并额外增加20%,希望呈现的不只是维持基本生活,而是保留一定余裕的退休生活。</p>\n\n<p>结果一比较,差距相当惊人。所有国家中,新加坡养老,估计需要约114.6万美元,是统计中成本最高的国家,冰岛约89.3万美元、瑞士约85.9万美元,美国则约73.8万美元。但如果把退休地点换到南欧,成本马上下降一个层级。葡萄牙与西班牙约47.8万美元、希腊约40.6万美元;再把视线拉回亚洲,台湾约35.4万美元、泰国约31.7万美元、越南约29.5万美元、马来西亚约29.2万美元。更低的印度约18.9万美元,巴基斯坦约18.7万美元。</p>\n\n<p>从新加坡的114.6万美元到巴基斯坦的18.7万美元,同样是一段退休生活,推估成本竟然可以相差超过6倍。当然,这并不是告诉大家「哪里便宜就搬去哪里」,而是提醒我们重新思考一件事,养老需要多少钱,从来不只取决于你存了多少,更取决于未来选择什么样的生活。</p>\n\n<p><strong>台湾</strong><strong>35.4</strong><strong>万美元,放到全球其实没有想像中高</strong></p>\n\n<p>研究估算,在台湾维持模型设定的退休生活,大约需要35.4万美元,与墨西哥约35.6万美元相近。同样位在亚洲,日本约39.8万美元、韩国约40.6万美元,都高于台湾;但如果往东南亚移动,泰国约31.7万美元、菲律宾约30.1万美元、越南约29.5万美元、马来西亚约29.2万美元,又比台湾再低一截。</p>\n\n<p>所以如果单纯从生活成本来看,台湾并不是全球养老成本特别高的地方,但也不是最便宜的选择,真正有趣的是,这些差距会直接影响一个人的是否可以退休的门槛,同样一笔养老金,如果生活在新加坡、美国等高成本地区,可能必须更谨慎控制支出;但如果生活在台湾、马来西亚或越南,同样的资产所能支撑的生活时间就可能拉长,这也是退休规划中经常被忽略的购买力。</p>\n\n<p><strong>退休金不是一个数字,而是一种购买力</strong></p>\n\n<p>假设有两个人,退休时都准备了1,500万元。第一个人退休后,每个月需要8万元维持生活,一年就是96万元。第二个人因为住房、居住地与生活方式不同,每个月只需要5万元,一年支出60万元。先完全不考虑投资报酬、通膨与其他收入来源,第一个人的1,500万元大约可以支撑15年多;第二个人却可以支撑25年。两个人的资产完全一样,但退休安全感可能截然不同。</p>\n\n<p>所以很多人问「我现在存这些钱,到底能不能退休?」这个问题其实很难有标准答案。因为只要生活成本不同,同样的1,500万元,就会得到完全不同的退休答案。</p>\n\n<p><strong>美国与墨西哥只隔一个国界,退休成本却差一倍</strong></p>\n\n<p>这份资料里,另一个很有意思的比较,是美国与墨西哥。美国估计退休成本约73.8万美元,但墨西哥约35.6万美元,不到美国的一半。加拿大则约59.8万美元,虽然低于美国,但仍明显高于墨西哥。也因此,「退休移居」才会成为部分欧美退休族的选项。</p>\n\n<p>因为工作期间,一个人住在哪里,往往受到产业、收入与职涯限制。你可能必须住在纽约、旧金山、东京、台北,因为工作机会就在那里。但退休之后,当每天不再需要进办公室,居住地本身就开始变成财务规划的一部分。以前挑房子,在意的可能是离公司近不近。退休之后,在意的却可能变成医院近不近、生活机能好不好、交通是否方便,以及每个月要花多少钱才能维持生活。人生阶段改变,地点的价值也会跟着改变。</p>\n\n<p><strong>想让退休金变多,不一定只能提高投资报酬率</strong></p>\n\n<p>当我们发现退休金可能不够时,第一个反应通常是,那我要不要提高投资报酬率?原本预估一年5%,开始希望做到8%,后来觉得8%还是不够,又开始寻找10%以上的投资机会。问题是,期待报酬提高的同时,通常也代表必须承担更大的波动与风险。但退休财务其实还有另外一个非常重要、却经常被忽略的杠杆,降低维持理想生活所需要的成本。</p>\n\n<p>假设原本退休后每个月需要8万元,一年需要96万元。如果透过住房、交通与生活方式调整,把支出降低到每月6万元,一年就变成72万元。一年少24万元,20年就是480万元。换个角度看,等于在不提高投资风险的情况下,替自己的退休资产多争取了数年的使用时间。所以退休规划从来不只有把钱变多这件事情,而是也可以让同样一笔钱,使用更长的时间。</p>\n\n<p><strong>搬去物价便宜的国家,就代表可以提前退休吗?</strong></p>\n\n<p>看到马来西亚约29.2万美元、越南约29.5万美元,甚至印度不到20万美元,很容易产生一个想法,既然如此,退休后搬去物价便宜的国家不就好了?但事情当然没有这么简单。因为这份研究本身也有一个非常重要的限制:模型没有完整纳入医疗保险、健康相关支出与各国所得税差异,而这些项目,恰恰都是退休生活不能忽略的成本。</p>\n\n<p>30岁选择居住地,可能比较在意房租、餐厅、娱乐与交通,但到了65岁、75岁甚至80岁以后,医疗资源与长期照护的重要性会快速上升。一个地方每个月可以少花2万元,看起来很划算;但如果当地医疗保障不足,或外国人的医疗保险非常昂贵,一场重大疾病,就可能吃掉过去几年省下来的生活费。除此之外,还必须考虑签证与居留资格、汇率、税务、语言、治安,以及与家人的距离。</p>\n\n<p><strong>退休真正该算的是三笔钱</strong></p>\n\n<p>如果正在准备退休,比起一直计算自己的资产有没有突破1,000万元、2,000万元,其实更应该先把三笔钱算清楚。</p>\n\n<p><strong>一、维持生活的基本支出。</strong></p>\n\n<p>住房、饮食、水电、交通、保险,这些是维持日常生活很难避免的成本,也是退休现金流的基本盘。</p>\n\n<p>二、<strong>让退休生活有品质的钱。</strong></p>\n\n<p>旅游、聚餐、兴趣、购物,甚至支援子女或孙辈。这些支出不一定每个月固定发生,却往往真正决定了我们想像中的退休生活能不能实现。</p>\n\n<p><strong>三、无法精准预测的大额支出。</strong></p>\n\n<p>医疗、长照、住宅修缮,以及各种突发事件,都不能只靠每个月固定的退休生活费处理,因此需要另外准备安全垫。</p>\n\n<p><strong>养老躺平真正追求的是选择权</strong></p>\n\n<p>从新加坡114.6万美元、美国73.8万美元,到台湾35.4万美元、马来西亚29.2万美元,再到印度18.9万美元,这些数字真正想告诉我们的,不是哪一个国家最好,也不是哪一个国家最便宜。而是退休所需要的钱,本来就没有一个固定答案。同样2,000万元,有人可能觉得非常充裕,有人却依然不敢退休。差别除了投资报酬之外,更来自住房、负债、家庭责任、医疗需求,以及一个人到底希望维持什么样的生活。</p>\n\n<p>因此,退休规划最终追求的,不是一定要让帐户里出现多少的数字,而是替未来的自己保留更多选择。你可以选择继续住在熟悉的城市,也可以搬到生活成本较低的地方;可以一年安排几次旅行,也可以选择把更多资产留给下一代。</p>\n\n<p>当有一天不再依赖每个月的薪水,你仍然有能力决定自己住在哪里、怎么生活,以及把时间花在什么地方。也就是说,退休真正重要的不只是有没有足够的钱,而是这笔钱能不能让你拥有选择生活的底气。</p>\n\n<p>(撰文者:永诚资产管理处 财顾团队)</p>\n\n<p><strong>点击下图【</strong><strong>60 </strong><strong>秒测试</strong><strong> </strong><strong>你的理财天赋有几分?】</strong></p>\n\n<figure><a href=\"https://quiz.big-econ.com/index.php?&QID=6\"><img data-height=\"190\" data-mime=\"image/png\" data-ratio=\"4\" data-src-m=\"https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6586420/m/99f639d12c1bd244d6e9689539108050.jpg\" data-width=\"760\" src=\"https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6586420/l/99f639d12c1bd244d6e9689539108050.jpg\" srcset=\"https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6586420/l/99f639d12c1bd244d6e9689539108050.jpg 1x,https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6586420/xl/99f639d12c1bd244d6e9689539108050.jpg 2x,https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6586420/xxl/99f639d12c1bd244d6e9689539108050.jpg 3x\"></a></figure>\n\n<p>「永诚资产管理处」是全台合法拥有金管字号的证券投资顾问公司中「唯一首创资产管理的部门」,20 年深耕专营台湾各大科技园区,以认真、诚信思维提供客户服务,让努力累积财富的你,也可贴身感受理财管家的 VIP 价值。</p>\n\n<p>没有代理金融商品,不以商品销售出发,减少你的财务漏洞!从资产配置出发,透过「专案客制化」、「服务精致化」、「获利系统化」,你不需牺牲时间体力,就能感受到资产提升!</p>\n\n<p>「卓越投资研究团队」加「顶尖财务顾问团队」共同与客户缔造里程碑</p>\n\n<p>立即加入 <a href=\"https://line.me/R/ti/p/@asset88598\">https://line.me/R/ti/p/%40asset88598</a></p>\n\n<p>进一步了解资产管理处 <a href=\"https://www.ycam.com.tw/\">https://www.ycam.com.tw/</a></p>\n\n<p>收听「资产汇谈」Podcast <a href=\"https://reurl.cc/nYeRQ8\">https://reurl.cc/nYeRQ8</a></p>\n\n<p class=\"warning\">本公司所推荐分析之个别有价证券<br>\n无不当之财务利益关系 以往之绩效不保证未来获利<br>\n投资人应独立判断 审慎评估并自负投资风险</p><div class=\"related-articles seo-links\">\n  <h4>相关阅读</h4>\n  <ul>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/tw/article-4385.html\" title=\"〈台股开盘〉电子权值股满血复活 大涨逾1400点站回4万6 国泰金独惨贴息\">〈台股开盘〉电子权值股满血复活 大涨逾1400点站回4万6 国泰金独惨贴息</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/tw/article-7829.html\" title=\"亚德客-KY(1590) 创高、上银(2049) 加班、直得(1597) 缺产能,工业自动化零组件正进入最甜蜜阶段?\">亚德客-KY(1590) 创高、上银(2049) 加班、直得(1597) 缺产能,工业自动化零组件正进入最甜蜜阶段?</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/tw/article-12806.html\" title=\"巨亨速报 - Factset 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